![]() Ignore case distinctions in patterns and input data, so that characters that differ only in case match each other. If FILE is -, read patterns from standard input. The empty file contains zero patterns, and therefore matches nothing. If this option is used multiple times or is combined with the -e ( -regexp) option, search for all patterns given. This option can be used to protect a pattern beginning with “-”. If this option is used multiple times or is combined with the -f ( -file) option, search for all patterns given. Matching Control -e PATTERNS, -regexp= PATTERNS This option is experimental when combined with the -z ( -null-data) option, and grep -P may warn of unimplemented features. Interpret PATTERNS as Perl-compatible regular expressions (PCREs). Interpret PATTERNS as basic regular expressions (BREs, see below). Interpret PATTERNS as fixed strings, not regular expressions. Interpret PATTERNS as extended regular expressions (EREs, see below). Output the version number of grep and exit. Options Generic Program Information -help ![]() If no FILE is given, recursive searches examine the working directory, and nonrecursive searches read standard input. Typically PATTERNS should be quoted when grep is used in a shell command.Ī FILE of “ -” stands for standard input. PATTERNS is one or more patterns separated by newline characters, and grep prints each line that matches a pattern. Search stdin for lines that do not match a pattern: cat path/to/file | grep -invert-match " search_pattern".Search for lines matching a pattern, printing only the matched text: grep -only-matching " search_pattern" path/to/file.Print file name and line number for each match with color output: grep -with-filename -line-number -color=always " search_pattern" path/to/file. ![]() Print 3 lines of context around, before, or after each match: grep - context|before-context|after-context= 3 " search_pattern" path/to/file.Use extended regular expressions (supports ?, +,, () and |), in case-insensitive mode: grep -extended-regexp -ignore-case " search_pattern" path/to/file.Search for a pattern in all files recursively in a directory, showing line numbers of matches, ignoring binary files: grep -recursive -line-number -binary-files= without-match " search_pattern" path/to/directory.Search for an exact string (disables regular expressions): grep -fixed-strings " exact_string" path/to/file.Search for a pattern within a file: grep " search_pattern" path/to/file.Print lines that match patterns Examples (TL DR) The Backslash Character and Special Expressions. ![]()
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